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The Birth of the Greek Polis |
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| SOUTHERN GREEK SETTLEMENTS IN THE PROTOGEOMETRIC AND GEOMETRIC PERIODS | |||||
| 11-10th Centuries - Protogeometric | |||||
| Most settlements only to be recognised through the presence of cemeteries - | |||||
| with the exception of Central Macedonia - see separate sheet | |||||
| centres of population recognised | Athens, Lefkandi, Argos, Tiryns | ||||
| Knossos, Elateia | |||||
| Nichoria | DA I and II | apsidal buildings, mud brick on stone footings | |||
| Argos | stratified sequence but no buildings, litharge from silver working | ||||
| Iolkos | four phases, rectangular stone built houses | ||||
| Grotta (Naxos) | buildings including megaron | ||||
| Karphi, Vrokastro | still occupied for a short time | ||||
| Vrondas, Kavousi | already occupied ? | ||||
| Lefkandi | Heroon - house or tomb ? | ||||
| Kommos (Crete) | Small rectangular shrine building | ||||
| 9th Century - Early and early Middle Geometric | |||||
| Many more settlements on basis of tombs from most areas of S. Greece | |||||
| Specific settlement evidence from:- | |||||
| Old Smyrna | Small oval houses | ||||
| Massive walls enclosing area of 350 x 250 m by 850 BC | |||||
| Thorikos | Extraction of silver by cupellation | ||||
| Lefkandi | traces of buildings, pits with tripod moulds, 'granary' bases | ||||
| Kommos | Shrine rebuilt | ||||
| Vrokastro | Rooms of rubble masonry, haphazard plan, some column bases | ||||
| Kavousi | Neater arrangement based on rectangular rooms | ||||
| Zagora | Traces of settlement | ||||
| 8th Century - late Middle Geometric, Late Geometric | |||||
| First period since 12th to provide widespread evidence. | |||||
| Knossos | Paved street above Royal Road, wells in many areas | ||||
| Phaestos | Paved street, traces of houses either side, use of benches | ||||
| Deros | First trace of agora - open area with steps along one side 23 x 40 m | ||||
| Smyrna | Walls rebuilt, rectangular and apsidal houses | ||||
| Emborio (Chios) | Straggle of buildings over steep hill top | ||||
| Stone built detached houses, each on separate terrace | |||||
| Usually single roomed, sometimes bench against wall | |||||
| long hall with two columned porch - sanctuary ? | |||||
| Zagora (Andros) | On high promontory with defensive wall across isthmus | ||||
| Neat stone built houses clustering together, some courtyard spaces | |||||
| Schist slabs for thresholds and door jambs, benches common | |||||
| Isolated two room shrine (?) | |||||
| Agios Andreas (Siphnos) | defended by circuit wall | ||||
| stone built detached houses clustering | |||||
| Antissa (Lesbos) | Apsidal buildings, up to four rooms long, 17.25 x 5.50m | ||||
| Oropos (Attica) | 'Industrial' complex of apsidal and oval structures | ||||
| Traces of iron working | |||||
| Pithecoussai (Italy) | Traces of iron working | ||||
| Bibliography | |||||
| Coldstream chap 12. | |||||
| K. Fagerstrom - Greek Iron Age Architecture SIMA 61 1988 | |||||