The City of Rome

Arch of Augustus (reconstruction)

This module: An introduction

Information for classes

Semester 1: Schedule Preparation	Semester 2: Schedule Preparation
Week 2	Week 1
Week 3	Week 2
Week 4	Week 3
Week 5	Week 4
Week 7	Week 5
Week 8	Week 7
Week 9	Week 8
Week 10	Week 9
Week 11	Week 10
	Week 11

A city is more than bricks and mortar, and cities exist as much in the imagination as they do in the concrete structures, roads and landscaping which apparently make them up. This module is all about how we come to envision the city of Rome. We will be reading a selection of Republican and Augustan texts , and also looking at some excerpts from films and documentaries featuring Rome. And from these readings we will be trying to gain a sense of how the experienced city functioned and functions for us and for the authors whose works it permeates.

Rome today is a city of memory in more ways than one. We bring our memories of epic films, historical fiction, classical texts, academic works, and we place them over or alongside the work of archaeologists, the depredations of time, the fascist reinventions, and centuries of re-envisioning of the city. Rome, like Athens, plays a central part in Western culture, and in many ways when we ‘visit’ the city we feel that we know it already. The texts that we read are chosen to allow you to engage with how and why the city is constantly being reinvented, and how successive generations have added to the model city that we think of as the archetype of Rome.

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Assessment

Semester 1

Level 2: Oral presentation (70%) + assessment of three presentations (to include your own) (30%)
Level 3: Essay (3500 words) due end week 1, semester 2

Semester 2

Level 3: Exam (1.5 hours)

Texts

Alongside the dossier, you may want to have a look at another book (available in the library):

· Donald Dudley’s Urbs Roma: A Source Book of Classical Texts on the City and its Monuments (Phaidon 1967).

If you want to buy one secondary text, I recommend:

Edwards, Catharine, Writing Rome: textual approaches to the city (Cambridge 1996) ISBN 0521559529 (paperback)

Schedule

Semester 1

Week	Class	Topic	Readings
1	Intro…	Organisation of groups and tasks, and preparation of readings for W2. Discussion & setting up the project.
2	Workshop	Beginnings: Introduction to concepts of urban space and interaction between space, place and text. Draw maps (written and visual) of route to Arts building from home.	Dossier Section I.1 (i.e. main section I, page 1), 12, 13, 15-16
3	Workshop	When myth meets history? Using a selection of readings, this session will focus on how myth intersects with history and the experienced city.	Dossier Section I.2, 11, 14; III.23, 28, 37, 45; IV.55-56, 59-60; Propertius 4.4
4	Workshop	Space and text: visions of the city in the late republic	Dossier Section III.38-44; VI.90-94, 95 (Plautus); Catullus 10, 55
5	Group Meetings	Each group will give a brief (10-12 min.) presentation on one site and its role/function in the city during the republican period.
6	NO CLASS	INDEPENDENT STUDY WEEK
7	Workshop	Empire of the mind: what happens to Rome when Augustus ‘refounds’ the city?	Dossier Section IV.47-50, 57-60; V.61-62; VIII.108 (also, look back to the readings for week 3)
8	Workshop	Rome after Augustus: in this session we will be thinking about what happened to the 'new' city that Augustus founded, and exploring the idea that 'Rome' from its re-foundation was fated to be a self-conscious city of texts.	Dossier Section VII.98-105, 107; VIII.108-120
9	Video	Worksheet to be given out	Worksheet
10	Workshop	Urban (P)leisure: the city and entertainment	Dossier VII.95-97. The readings for week 8 will be useful, but you might also want to think back to e.g. Dossier I.14; IV.55, 58
11	Workshop	Mapping the city: each group must devise a map of Rome at any two points in classical history, and give a brief (12 min) presentation on how their two temporal snapshots of Rome are reflected in contemporary texts.	To be devised by you!

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Preparation

Semester 1

Week 2
Themes & Questions	How do we define the idea of the city? What do we mean by ‘urban space’? To what extent is Rome a city of bricks and mortar, &/or a city of the imagination? Think about how we conceptualise cities in general, London, Paris, New York… What kinds of texts should we be reading? Does it make a difference if a text is explicitly ‘about’ the city and its fabric? When you draw your map, you should be thinking about what kinds of buildings/features you choose to use as reference points, whether or not your map is suited to pedestrians, cyclists, drivers, how important text/graphics are.
Introductory Bibliography	Boyer, C., The City of Collective Memory (Cam. Mass. 1994) intro. 19-29; ch. 4, 129-173. You may find this difficult, but it does provide a reasonably accessible way into the contemporary critical discourse on urban space. Do read the intro., if not ch. 4. Edwards, Catharine, Writing Rome: textual approaches to the city (Cambridge 1996) 1-25 Favro, Diane, The Urban Image of Augustan Rome (Cambridge 1996), 1-23. Hall, P., Cities in Civilization (London 1999) 621-656; you may also find other sections (e.g. 3-23) interesting. Hope, Valerie, 'The City of Rome: Capital and Symbol' in Huskinson, Janet (ed.), Experiencing Rome: Culture, Identity and Power in the Roman Empire (London 2000). I haven't managed to see this article yet, but it was recommended to me! You can tell me what you think. Lynch, Kevin, ‘The City Image and its Elements’ in Richard T. LeGates & Frederic Stout (eds.), The City Reader (London 1996) 98-102. Purcell, Nicholas, ‘The City of Rome’ in Richard Jenkyns (ed.), The Legacy of Rome: A New Appraisal, 421-453 Robinson, Olivia F. Ancient Rome, City Planning and Administration (London 1992). Good introduction to the nitty gritty of urban design (and very helpful map). Rykwert, Joseph, The Seduction of Place: The City in the Twenty-First Century (London 2000). Have a look at the photos, and perhaps browse pp. 3-20.
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Week 3
Themes & Questions	What kinds of information are these texts offering to us? Does genre make a difference? How do myth and history intersect in these texts? Do we see any differentiation between the two? Do the mythic foundation stories affect our approach to the ‘historical’ city? How? Think about how the insertion of these mythic stories into the fabric of the city might make a difference to everyday experience.
Introductory Bibliography	Boyle, A.J., ‘Postscripts from the Edge: Exilic Fasti and Imperialized Rome’, Ramus 26 (1997), 7-28. This will also be of use for Week 7. Edwards, Catharine, Writing Rome: textual approaches to the city (Cambridge 1996), 27-43. Feeney, Denis, ‘History and Revelation in Virgil’s Underworld’ PCPhS 32 (1986), 1-24 Feeney, Denis, ‘Si licet et fas est: Ovid’s Fasti and the problem of free speech under the principate’, in Anton Powell (ed.), Roman Poetry and Propaganda in the Age of Augustus (Bristol 1982), 1-25. This will also be of use for Week 7. Gowers, E.J., ‘The Anatomy of Rome from Capitol to Cloaca’, JRS 85 (1995), 23-32. Gruen, E.S., Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome (London 1993), 6-51. This is useful as background, if you’re interested in how the Trojan legend became prominent in Rome. And it may be helpful for Week 5 also. Jaeger, Mary, ‘Custodia fidelis memoriae: Livy’s story of M. Manlius Capitolinus’ Latomus 52 (1993) 350-363. This will also be of use for Week 7. Miles, Gary B., ‘The Cycle of Roman History in Livy’s first Pentad’, AJPh 107 (1986), 1-33. This will also be of use for Week 7. Rykwert, Joseph The Idea of a Town (Cam. Mass. 1988) 27-40 (you may also find 97-162 interesting) Wiseman, T.P., ‘Topography and Rhetoric: the trial of Manlius’ Historia 28 (1979) 32-50. This will also be of use for Week 7. Wiseman, T.P., ‘Monuments and the Roman Annalists’ in I.S. Moxon, J.D. Smart & A.J. Woodman (eds.), Past Perspectives: Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing, (Cambridge 1986) 87-101. Zanker, Paul The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus (Ann Arbor 1988) 195-238. This will provide useful background for Week 7.
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Week 4
Topics	Choose a site for your presentation from one of these areas: The Forum The Capitoline Hill The Campus Martius
Introductory Bibliography	Barton, I.M. (ed.), Roman Public Buildings (Exeter 1989) Blue Guide: Rome and Environs (London 1994 5E) Claridge, Amanda, Rome: An Oxford Archaeological Guide (Oxford 1998) Nash, Ernest, Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome 2 vol’s (London 1961/1962). Mainly useful for its photographs. Platner, Samuel Ball & Thomas Ashby A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome (London 1929). Richardson, L. Jr., A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome (London 1992). Variano, John Rome: A literary companion (London 1991). See Web Page for many useful links
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Week 5
Themes & Questions	Based on your reading of primary texts and secondary sources, how might we characterise the mood of the republican city as configured in these texts? Do the different authors present complementary or contradictory visions of the city? How implicit/explicit is political upheaval in these texts? What are the characteristic features of this city? How does the city as depicted by these authors figure in our personal visions of Rome? Why might this period have been of particular importance for the development of ‘Rome’ as city and idea? Do you (dis)agree that it was?
Introductory Bibliography	Favro, Diane, The Urban Image of Augustan Rome (Cambridge 1996), 24-41, 42-78. Fitzgerald, William, Catullan Provocations: Lyric Poetry and the Drama of Position (Berkeley 1995) ch. 4, 87-113. Johnson, W.R., ‘Virgil’s Bees: The Ancient Romans’ View of Rome’ in Annabel Patterson (ed.), Roman Images (Baltimore 1984), 1-22 Leach, Eleanor Winsor, The rhetoric of space: literary and artistic representations of landscape in Republican and Augustan Rome (Princeton, 1988), 73-143 Nicolet, C. The World of the Citizen in Republican Rome (Berkeley 1980) Patterson, J.R., ‘The City of Rome: from Republic to Empire’, JRS 82 (1992), 186-215. Vasaly, Ann Representations: Images of the World in Ciceronian Oratory (Berkeley 1993) see ‘Rome: places and monuments’ in the index (283-285) for numerous examples Wiseman, T.P., Catullus and his world: a reappraisal, (Cambridge 1985) Wiseman, T.P., ‘Conspicui postes tectaque digna deo: the public image of aristocratic and imperial houses in the late republic and early empire’, in Historiography and Imagination (Exeter 1994) 98-115 Zanker, Paul The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus (Ann Arbor 1988) 5-25, 65-77
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Week 7
Themes & Questions	How important is the person of Augustus to Augustan Rome? Do we think that the city as configured in these texts is perceptibly different to the republican city? How? How concrete is the ‘refoundation’ trumpeted by Augustus, and how effectively do physical and mythic elements coalesce? What difference do new structures–e.g. Augustan Forum, Ara Pacis, Palatine Apollo Complex—make to the urban experience? How do they impact upon our authors’ consciousness? How significant a role is played by texts in the creation of the ‘new’ Rome? What is the impact of Augustus’ program of Temple restoration/building?
Introductory Bibliography	Beard, Mary, John North & Simon Price, Religions of Rome vol. 1 (Cambridge 1998) 177-186, 189-192, 196-201 Edwards, Catharine, Writing Rome: textual approaches to the city (Cambridge 1996), 44-68 Favro, Diane, ‘Reading the Augustan City’ in P.J.Holliday (ed.), Narrative and Event in Ancient Art (Cambridge 1993), 230-257. Favro, Diane, The Urban Image of Augustan Rome (Cambridge 1996) 79-142 Feldherr, Andrew, Spectacle and Society in Livy’s History (Berkeley 1998) 1-50 Hardie, Philip, ‘Augustan Poets and the Mutability of Rome’, in Anton Powell (ed.), Roman Poetry and Propaganda in the Age of Augustus (Bristol 1982), 59-82. Kellum, Barbara, ‘Sculptural Programs and Propaganda in Augustan Rome: The Temple of Apollo on the Palatine’, in Rolf Winkes (ed.), The Age of Augustus (1985) 169-176. This collection has lots of useful essays. Kellum, Barbara, ‘The City Adorned: Programmatic Display at the Aedes Concordiae Augustae’, in K. Raaflaub and M. Toher (eds.), Between Republic and Empire: Interpretations of Augustus and his Principate (Berkeley 1990), 276-307. Kraus, C.S., ‘ “ No second Troy”: topoi and refoundation in Livy, Book V’, TAPhA 124 (1994) 267-289. Leach, Eleanor Winsor, The rhetoric of space: literary and artistic representations of landscape in Republican and Augustan Rome (Princeton, 1988), 260-306, 409-466 Luce, T.J., ‘Livy, Augustus and the Forum Augustum’, in K. Raaflaub and M. Toher (eds.), Between Republic and Empire: Interpretations of Augustus and his Principate (Berkeley 1990), 123-138. Nicolet, Claude Space, geography and politics in the early Roman empire (Ann Arbor 1991) Zanker, Paul The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus (Ann Arbor 1988) 79-85, 104-118, 135-145
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Week 8
Themes & Questions	Did public space function differently at Rome, in comparison to modern concepts? How? Why? How important is the figure of the emperor to our reading of space at Rome? Do you notice any difference in that way that the authors that you have read for this week treat the city? Why do you think that might be? How do these authors treat the on-going changes to the city? Is there an emphasis on otium/negotium? On public or private space? What kind of city does Martial inhabit? Where does his version of Rome fit into our growing city image? What kind of patterns of movement drive Martial's city? How different is this to Juvenal and Seneca? Are these versions of the city dissimilar or complementary (or even subversive of?) those of Tacitus?
Introductory Bibliography	You will be drawing on many of the texts you have consulted for previous weeks reading, but I suggest you start with: Edwards, Catharine, Writing Rome: textual approaches to the city (Cambridge 1996), 69-109
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Week 9
Introductory Bibliography	Elley, Derek, The epic film: myth and history (London 1984) 71-135 Solomon, Jon, The Ancient World in the Cinema (2001). On order for the library. Sorlin, Pierre, The Film in History: Staging the Past (Oxford 1980). Winkler, Martin M. (ed.), Classics and Cinema (Lewisburg 1991). Wyke, Maria, ‘Cinema and the city of the dead: reel histories of Pompeii’, in C. MacCabe & D. Petrie (eds.), New Scholarship from BFI Research (London 1996), 140-156. Wyke, Maria, Projecting the Past: Ancient Rome, cinema and history, (New York 1997). Chapters 3-6 offer individual case studies of films. 14-33 provides a useful introduction. Wyke, Maria, ‘Screening ancient Rome in the new Italy’, in Catharine Edwards (ed.) Roman Presences: Receptions of Rome in European Culture, 1789-1945 (Cambridge 1999) 188-204. Wyke, Maria, 'Ancient Rome and the traditions of film history' Quite a brief on-line essay. Wyke, Maria, 'Sawdust Caesar: Mussolini, Julius Caesar, and the drama of dictatorship', in Wyke, Maria and Michael Biddiss (eds.), The Uses and Abuses of Antiquity (Berne, N.Y., 1999), 167-186.
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Week 10
Themes & Questions	Do the newly articulated urban spaces facilitate leisure? How? In advance of the class, come up with two public spaces designed primarily for leisure (e.g. theatres, gardens, libraries) and suggest how their development was particularly significant for the changes taking place in Augustan Rome. Why (and for whom) might publicly sanctioned leisure be important during this period? Do we see any changes taking place in the ways in which ‘public’ and ‘private’ were being configured during this period? Why might this be? How do the texts you read for today depict Romans taking public pleasure? How were these texts received by contemporary Rome? To what extent (if any) do the elegists seem to be subverting the primary public meaning of the new Augustan structures?
Introductory Bibliography	Boyer, C., The City of Collective Memory (Cam. Mass. 1994), ch. 3, 73-127 (but particularly 73-87) Braund, S.H., ‘City and Country in Roman Satire’ in S.H. Braund (ed.), Satire and Society in Ancient Rome (Exeter 1989), 23-47. Edwards, Catharine, The Politics of Immorality in Ancient Rome (Cambridge 1993) 137-172 Feldherr, Andrew, Spectacle and Society in Livy’s History (Berkeley 1998) 169-193 Gruen, E.S., Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome (London 1993), 84-130. Kellum, Barbara, ‘Sculptural Programs and Propaganda in Augustan Rome: The Temple of Apollo on the Palatine’, in Rolf Winkes (ed.), The Age of Augustus (1985) 169-176. Kellum, Barbara, ‘The City Adorned: Programmatic Display at the Aedes Concordiae Augustae’, in K. Raaflaub and M. Toher (eds.), Between Republic and Empire: Interpretations of Augustus and his Principate (Berkeley 1990), 276-307. Nicolet, C. The World of the Citizen in Republican Rome (Berkeley 1980), 343-381 Poe, J.P., ‘The Secular Games, the Aventine, and the Pomerium in the Campus Martius’ Classical Antiquity 3 (1984) 57-81 Rawson, Elizabeth ‘Discrimina ordinum: the lex Julia Theatralis in E. Rawson Roman Culture and Society, Collected Papers (Oxford 1991) 508-545 Wallace-Hadrill, Andrew Houses and Society in Pompeii and Herculaneum (Princeton NJ 1994), 1-16 (intro to the kinds of things the book will discuss), 17-37 (very good on public/private issues), 143-174 (becomes rather too technically involved at times, but lots of info on how decoration and luxury worked) Wiedemann, Thomas, Emperors and Gladiators (London 1992) On order for library Zanker, Paul The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus (Ann Arbor 1988) 146-156, 279-295.
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Week 11
Themes & Questions	Think about: What does it mean to construct a map? Why might maps have been becoming particularly important during the late Republican/Augustan periods? You might want to include in this a consideration of calendars/astrology (e.g. your reading of Ovid’s Fasti, maybe the sun-dial near the Ara Pacis—see Zanker 144) How important is the editorial/imaginative role of the map-maker. Why are some things included by you, and some things excluded, what kinds of things fall into these categories? Think about how images of world domination come to be characterised in concrete fashion at Rome (e.g. depictions of Pompey in the complex surrounding his Theatre; the friezes on Temple of Palatine Apollo, the construction of new fora and the images synthesized in them).
Introductory Bibliography	Anderson, James C. The Historical Topography of the Imperial Fora, Collection Latomus 182 (Brussels 1984) Barton, I.M. (ed.), Roman Public Buildings (Exeter 1989) Beard, Mary, John North & Simon Price, Religions of Rome vol. 1 (Cambridge 1998) xvi-xix (useful maps). Boyer, C., The City of Collective Memory (Cam. Mass. 1994), ch. 5, 203-223. As before, perhaps difficult, but worth persevering with. Claridge, Amanda, Rome: An Oxford Archaeological Guide (Oxford 1998) Edwards, Catharine, Writing Rome: textual approaches to the city (Cambridge 1996), 116-125. Favro, Diane, The Urban Image of Augustan Rome (Cambridge 1996), 217-251, 252-280. Hinds, Stephen, ‘Booking the Return Trip: Ovid and Tristia I’, PCPhS 31 (1985), 13-32. Nash, Ernest, Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome 2 vol’s (London 1961/1962). Mainly useful for its photographs. Nicolet, Claude, Space, geography and politics in the early Roman empire (Ann Arbor 1991) Platner, Samuel Ball & Thomas Ashby A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome (London 1929). Richardson, L. Jr., A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome (London 1992). Variano, John Rome: A literary companion (London 1991). Blue Guide: Rome and Environs (London 1994 5E) See Web Page for this course for many useful links

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Semester 2

Week	Class	Topic
1	Intro…	Theorising space and text.
2	Lecture	Renaissance Rome: Perspective and history
3	Workshop	The Grand Tour I: Napoleon and Macaulay
4	Site visit I	Wroxeter
5	Workshop	The Grand Tour II: Bringing Rome home. How ethics and religion colour a late 19th century Rome (James & loss)
6	NO CLASS	INDEPENDENT STUDY WEEK
7	Workshop	Decadence, glamour and imperial decay
8	Site visit II	Birmingham
9	Workshop	Rome and Empire: Building a 20th century imperium
10	Workshop	Urban politics: Presentations on critical trends in scholarship and on how we Re-read some key texts
11	Conclusions

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Preparation

Semester 2

Week 1
Themes & Questions	Think about: How we define the city (revisited...) What we mean by ‘urban space’
Introductory Bibliography	Re-visit your notes on some of the critics from week 3 of semester 1: Boyer 1994 (intro. and ch. 4). Edwards 1996: 1-25 Hall 1999:621-656 Lynch 1996: 98-102. Rykwert 2000: 3-20. You should also look at: Edwards, Catharine 1999 'Introduction: shadows and fragments' in Catharine Edwards (ed.) Roman Presences: Receptions of Rome in European Culture, 1789-1945 (Cambridge) 1-18. This will provide an introduction to our classes for the rest of the term. Girouard, Mark, 1985. Cities & people : a social and architectural history (New Haven, CT). A humane and discursive introduction to how people inhabit cities, and vice versa. Soja, Edward W. 1989 Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory (London) 10-42. This is very hard (comparable to Boyer 1994), but has some interesting and thought-provoking material if you want to dig your teeth into modern spatial and urban theory.
Week 2
Themes & Questions	How important is the idea of 'perspective' (both as an artistic 'trick' and an intellectual distance) to Renaissance rediscovery/reinvention of classical Rome? Why (do you think) classical remains suddenly took on a new importance during this era? Find some images which indicate engagement with ideas of 'Rome', whether thematic or representational. To what extent do you think that Renaissance scholarship was interested in recovery of Roman antiquities for intellectual/scholarly purposes? What kinds of people were interested in promoting and exploring the refound classical Rome?
Introductory Bibliography	Beard, Mary and John Henderson 2001 Classical Art: From Greece to Rome (Oxford) 11-63. An interesting chapter which combines art, architecture and reception. Very readable, though not specifically focused on Renaissance engagement. And the illustrations are stunning throughout. Grafton, A.T. 1992 'The Renaissance' in Richard Jenkyns (ed.) The Legacy of Rome: A New Appraisal (Oxford) 97-123 Haskell, Francis 1995 History and its Images: Art and the Interpretation of the Past (New Haven CT) 81-127. This book may not seem particularly relevant at first glance, but this chapter does investigate how images of the Roman past were beginning to influence Renaissance thought. Jacks, Philip 1993 The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought (Cambridge) Kristeller, Paul 1955 Lowenthal, David 1985 The Past is a Foreign Country (Cambridge) 74-96. This is a fascinating a elegantly written book, and you'll find lots to stimulate your imagination. Chapter 4 (125-182) is also well-worth investigating. Weiss, Roberto 1988² The Renaissance Rediscovery of Classical Antiquity (Oxford)
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Week 3
Themes & Questions	Do you see any significance in Napoleon's invasions of Egypt and Rome in the same year (1798)? Find out about the kind of propaganda that Napoleon broadcast. Does it fit in with our sense of how 'Rome' is coming to mean a variety of different things in the 'modern' world? Find out about the role of the collector during this period; does this pick up on the way in which Rome treated its Empire? How important do you think that military success is to these new Romes?
Introductory Bibliography	You may find this website useful on Napoleon: http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/guide18/ This one has pictures from his Description of Egypt http://www.rareprintsgallery.com/Architecturals/Egypt/egypt.htm Bainbridge, Simon. - Napoleon and English Romanticism / Simon Bainbridge. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1995. - (Cambridge studies in Romanticism ; 14 Beard, Mary and John Henderson 2001 Classical Art: From Greece to Rome (Oxford) 147-202. An interesting chapter which combines art, architecture and reception. Deals (often wittily) with much more than Rome. Huet, Valerie 1999 in Edwards; 53-69 Jones, R. Ben. - Napoleon : man and myth. - London (etc.) : Hodder and Stoughton, 1977 Wilson-Smith, Timothy. - Napoleon and his artists / Timothy Wilson-Smith. - London : Constable, 1996
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Week 4
Topics
Introductory Bibliography
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Week 5
Themes & Questions
Introductory Bibliography	Beard, Mary and John Henderson 2001 Classical Art: From Greece to Rome (Oxford) 65-105. As you'll have gathered, I like this book, and recommend that you at least browse through most of what B&H have to say in this chapter..
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Week 7
Themes & Questions
Introductory Bibliography	Barrin, Tim ed. 1999 Frederic Leighton : antiquity, renaissance, modernity (New Haven CT)
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Week 8
Themes & Questions
Introductory Bibliography
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Week 9
Introductory Bibliography
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Week 10
Themes & Questions
Introductory Bibliography
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Week 11
Themes & Questions	In this session we will be drawing together some of the topics and themes that we have looked at over the course of the term. We will be considering in more detail any particular topics (to be indicated in advance) that you would like to discuss further.

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Map of Rome

Images

1: Arch of Augustus

2: Rostra; Basilica Julia; Tabularium; Temple of Saturn

3: Map of Rome (from ‘Plan de Rome’ web site. See ‘Useful links’ section on module web page)

Back to The City of Rome: Useful links
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The City of Rome

Texts

Semester 1

Week

Class

INDEPENDENT STUDY WEEK

Semester 1

Week

Class

INDEPENDENT STUDY WEEK

Preparation

Semester 2

Images